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AbdurRahman
07-18-2003, 10:43 AM
Shirk: the Ultimate Crime


Murder, rape, child molesting and genocide. These are all some of the appalling crimes which occur in our world today. Many would think that these are the worst possible offences which could be committed. But there is something which outweighs all of these crimes put together: It is the crime of shirk.

Some people may question this notion. But when viewed in a proper context, the fact that there is no crime worse then shirk, will become evident to every sincere person.

There is no doubt that the above crimes are indeed terrible, but their comparison with shirk shows that they do not hold much significance in relation to this travesty. When a man murders, rapes or steals, the injustice which is done is directed primarily at other humans. But when a man commits shirk, the injustice is directed towards the Creator of the heavens and the earth; Allaah. When a person is murdered, all sorts of reasons and explanations are given. But one thing that the murderer cannot claim, is that the murdered was someone who provided him with food, shelter, clothing and all the other things which keep humans aloft in this life.

But when a person commits shirk, they attempt to, willingly or unwillingly, direct an injustice towards the one who has provided them with all these necessary things - and often a whole lot more. This Being who provides us with all our needs and wants is of course Allaah, the Lord of this universe. So is it right for us to commit this offence against the one who has provided us with all that we could possibly need? This is the ultimate form of ingratitude which humans display, and will eventually cause many people eternal pain. The severity of this crime has been established inshAllaah, but until now you may have been wondering 'what exactly is shirk?'



The Reality of Shirk

In the previous issue we talked about Tawheed (the Oneness of Allaah). Shirk is its exact opposite. Linguistically, shirk means a partnership or to share or associate. However, Islamically it is to give to other than Allaah, that which belongs solely to Allaah. This means that parts of Allaah's creation are given powers and attributes which belong to Allaah, thus, ultimately sending worship to other then Allaah alone. These parts of the creation therefore become partners with Allaah.

The purpose of our creation is outlined in the Qu'raan when Allaah says:

"I did not create the Jinn[1] and mankind except to worship Me"
(Surah Ad-Dhariyat 51:56)

Our very existence on this earth is to worship Allaah alone. By committing shirk, a person ends up denying this very purpose of our creation. To Allaah, this is the gravest of sins and thus unforgivable.

Allaah says:

"Surely Allaah will not forgive the association of partners (shirk) with Him, but He forgives (sins) less then that to whomever He wishes"
(Surah An-Nisa 4:48)

This means that everything can be forgiven except shirk. However we should not misunderstand this into thinking that those who commit shirk are totally doomed. Allaah calls himself by al-Gaffoor (The Most Forgiving), and truly he is the Most Forgiving. If a person commits shirk and then wishes to make repentance, Allaah accepts his repentance and wipes the slate clean. But if the person does not make repentance during his lifetime, then Allaah will not forgive this person on the day of judgement. Hellfire will be made eternal and he/she will never come out. It must also be remembered that Allaah through his justice, has not discriminated in the punishment of this crime. If a Muslim commits shirk during his lifetime, and does not make repentance, he too will face the eternal fury of the Hellfire. It is this thought which helps Muslims from becoming too complacent and arrogant like some of the previous nations.[2]

Some people say that eternal Hellfire is unjust. But indeed Allaah is the Most Just. While some will go to Hell forever for committing shirk, there will be others who will go to Paradise forever for upholding Tawheed. Those who say that Allaah is unjust for sending some to Hell forever, should therefore also say that Allaah is unjust for sending others to Paradise forever! But we know that those who claim this, would never themselves refuse an everlasting reward such as Paradise, thus showing the weak human understanding of this argument.

By committing shirk we should not fool ourselves into thinking that we harm Allaah in anyway. Rather we harm ourselves with the threat of Allaah's punishment. It is as if humans stick two fingers up at Allaah after He has favoured them with so much. Thus a crime is committed against Allaah, yet it does not harm him - Such is the magnitude and greatness of our Creator. In order to understand how shirk manifests itself in our world, we need to look at how it relates to the categories of Tawheed (mentioned in the last issue).



Shirk in Allaah's Lordship (Ruboobeeya)

This category of shirk has two aspects:



(i)- Shirk by Association - As Muslims we believe that it is Allaah alone who Controls and Sustains the universe. Those who commit shirk by association believe that Allaah is the Creator, but other parts of the creation also play a role in the running of the world. A classic example of this is the Christian concept of Trinity. Christians believe that God (Allaah) alone does not regulate the affairs of mankind. They believe that the other two parts of the Trinity, Jesus (as) and the Holy spirit, also play a part in worldly affairs e.g Jesus pronounces judgement on the world and the holy spirit helps Christians through their daily lives. Qualities such as these should only belong to Allaah. The Hindus also commit this kind of shirk, with them having hundreds of different Gods for different aspects of their lives.

Unfortunately some Muslims have also fallen prey to this shirk. There are many from the Indian subcontinent who often call out for help upon saints and holy men who have passed away. One of the main saints whom they invoke is 'Abdul-Qadir al-Jeelanee'[3] whom they call 'AI-Ghawth-e-Azam' (the greatest source of help).



(ii)-Shirk by Negation - Over the centuries many philosophies and ways of life have denied the existence of God. Buddhism and Jainism are amongst the major world religions which assert this belief. During the 18th and 19th centuries the advancement of scientific knowledge led many philosophers and scientists to claim that God was a figment of mans imagination. By cancelling the role of a supreme legislator, those who claim that God does not exist, ultimately attempt to make themselves masters of their own destinies. Some atheists also give Allaah's attributes to his creation. By denying Allaah, they say the world is eternal with no beginning and no end. And we know that this is only for Allaah.



Shirk in Allaah's Names and Attributes (Asma wa Sifaat)

This category of shirk has two aspects:

AbdurRahman
07-18-2003, 10:44 AM
(i) -Shirk by Humanisation - The Tawheed of Allaah's names and attributes demands that we believe Allaah to be free from any human likeness. Those who commit shirk by humanisation give attributes to God which are more appropriate for human beings than an all-powerful Creator. Christianity is again guilty of this shirk. In the Bible we find countless examples of God being given human attributes. In the book of Genesis, God is said to have created the world in six days and then rested on the seventh!! In other places God is said to have repented for his bad thoughts and felt sorry because of his actions!

This form of shirk has even taken some people beyond the limits of sanity. In India there are many Hindus who worship the Shiva Lingam Deity. This is an idol which is shaped and sized to represent the male genitals. For the Hindus it represents the reproductive powers of God, and they display their affection by massaging the deity with milk, water and butter!

These examples of humanisation are indeed an injustice to the almighty, who responds clearly by saying in the Qur`aan:

"There is nothing like Him and He sees and hears all things"
(Surah Ash-Shoora 42:11)



(ii) - Shirk by Deification - This form of shirk occurs when created beings are given the names or attributes of Allaah and thus become deities. This form of shirk is especially popular with humans, with many people being given a God-like status by ignorant followers. Jesus, Buddha, Rama, Zoroaster and many other famous religious figures of the past have been held to be incarnations of the all mighty. The twentieth Century has also seen many cults emerge, from which many leaders have claimed divinity. Sai Baba [4], David Koresh [5], Guru Rajnishi [6] and many more have all claimed this attribute which only belongs to Allaah.



Shirk in the Worship of Allaah (Eebaadah)

This category of shirk has two aspects:



(i) - Major Shirk (Shirk-al-Akbar)- As Muslims we believe that alI forms of worship should be for Allaah alone. Those people who physically direct their worship at other then Allaah, commit this major shirk. By doing this action, mankind commits the greatest act of rebellion and places himself at the doors of eternal hellfire.

Worship in Christianity is usually devoid of God's name, and Christians often bow down in front of statues of Christ, Mary and many other saints of Christendom. The Muslims have also fallen foul to this evil. Thousands, if not millions, of ignorant Muslims make pilgrimages to the graves of saints and holy men. At the graves they perform acts which clearly violate the principles of Tawheed. They perform prayers (literally!) at the graveside, they sacrifice in the name of the dead saint and they make tawwaf (circumbulation) of the grave. Many of them even ask the dead saints to grant them children and to forgive them of their sins! All this contradicts the statement of Allaah when he commands us to:

"Say; Truly my prayer, my sacrifice, my life and my death are all for Allaah, Lord of the worlds"
(Surah Al-An'aam 6:162)

Major shirk is rampant amongst the worlds population and is ultimately the obstacle to our salvation.



(ii)- Minor Shirk (Shirkul-Asghar) - "Mahmood bin Lubayd reported that Allaah's Messenger (saws) said: 'The thing that I fear for you the most is minor shirk'. The companions asked: 'O' Messenger of Allaah, what is minor shirk?' He replied: 'Showing off (ar-riya), for verily Allaah will say on the day of resurrection when people are receiving their rewards, 'Go to those whom you were showing off too in the world and see if you can find any reward from them'" [7].

When doing righteous deeds our intentions should be to please the one who sustains and keeps us alive. It should not be to please those who have done nothing in comparison to what the Creator has done. Showing off has become a disease amongst humans, and tears away at any sincerity which may be present inside a person. Thus Islam is probably the only way of life which regulates this minor action, and places its danger in a proper context.

To know of the dangers of shirk should be of primary importance. Whether we are Muslim or not, we should realise that it is the crime of shirk which has led to the destruction of our world. By taking man away from the worship of Allaah, it has led him to the worship of other men, leading to oppression and tyranny. By confining man to the narrowness of this world, it will deny him the vastness of the hereafter, which leads to justice and success. Therefore surely . . . . shirk is the ultimate crime.



Footnotes
1 Jinn's are another part of Allaah's creation. They were created from smokeless fire and are (like man) required to worship Allaah.
2 The Jewish people were granted many favours by Allaah. But this favouritism resulted in them becoming arrogant, and the favours of Allaah were taken away from them.
3 Abdul-Qadir AI-Jeelanee was born in Jeelan (Iran) in the year 1077 CE. He was a jurist of the Hanbalite school of Islamic law. Many miracles have been falsely attributed to him, elevating him up to a God-like status. He himself was very harsh against those who opposed Tawheed. The Qaadiree sufi order is named after him. He died in the year 1166 CE.
4 Sai Baba is an Indian Holy man who claims the loyalty of millions worldwide through his multi-faith cult. He is deified to such an extent that his followers wake up at dawn every day to pray to him.
5 David Koresh was the leader of a branch davidian sect based in Waco, Texas, U.S.A. Koresh reinterpreted the teachings of the Bible to proclaim himself as the son of God. The cult was ended in 1993, when a fire killed most of Koresh's followers after a shootout with FBI officers.
6 Guru Rajnishi was the leader of a major American commune during the eighties. The cult lost momentum after it was accused of the attempted murder of an American politician.
7 Authentic-Narrated by Ahmed, Baihaqee and Tabaranee.

AbdurRahman
07-18-2003, 10:50 AM
The Greater Shirk:

Q1. What is the worst crime according to Allaah?

A1. The worst crime is to associate partners with Allaah, and the proof is the statement of Allaah the Exalted:

"O my son! Do not associate partners with Allaah. Verily shirk is the worst type of oppression." [Sooratul Luqmaan]

When the Messenger (sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam) was asked: 'Which of the sins is the worst?' He said: "That you appoint for Allaah an associate while He is your Creator." [Agreed Upon]

Q2. What is the greater shirk?

A2. Th greater shirk is to direct worship to other than Allaah, or to seek help from the dead, or the living who are absent. Allaah the Exalted said:

"And worship Allaah, and do not associate anything with Him." [Sooratun Nisaa]

His Messenger (sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam) said: "From the worst of all matters is Shirk with Allaah." [Bukhaaree]

Q3. Is shirk present in this Ummah?

A3. Yes it is present, and the proof is the statement of Allaah the Exalted:

"And most of them do not believe in Allaah, except that they are associators with Allaah." [Soorah Yoosuf]

The Prophet (sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam) said: "The Hour will not come until tribes from my nation (Muslims) overtake the idolators, and until they too worship idols. [Tirmidthee, authentic]

Q4. What is the Islaamic ruling upon supplicating to the dead or absent?

A4. Supplicating to the dead or absent is from greater shirk. Allaah the Exalted said:

"Do not call upon other than Allaah, it is of no avail for you, and do not harm yourself, for verily you will if you are from amongst the oppressors." (meaning: idolaters) [Soorah Yoonus]

The Prophet (sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam) said: "Whoever dies and he is calling upon other than Allaah as an equal, then he enters the Fire." [Bukhaaree]

to be continued insha'Allaah....

AbdurRahman
07-22-2003, 04:04 AM
Q5. Is supplication worship?

A5. Yes supplication is worship. Allaah the Exalted said:

"And your Lord says: Call upon me, I will accept from you. Verily those who are two proud for my worship, I will enter them into Hell despised." [Sooratul Ghaafir]

The Prophet (sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam) said: "Supplication is worship." [Ahmad, and Tirmidthee who said it is a good authentic narration]


Q6. Do the dead hear supplications?

A6. They do not hear. Allaah the Exalted said:

"Verily your dead do not hear."[Sooratun Naml]

"And you are not heard by those in the graves." [Sooratul Faatir]

Types of Greater Shirk:

Q7. Are we allowed to seek aid from the dead or absent?

A7. You are not allowed to seek aid from them. Allaah the Exalted said:

"And those who call upon other than Allaah create nothing, and they are themsleves created. Dead, not living, and they do not know when they will be ressurected." [Sooratun Nahl]

"If you seek aid from your Lord, He will accept your plea." [Sooratul Anfaal]

The Prophet (sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam) said: "O Ever-Living, the Eternal! Aid me with your Mercy." [Tirmidthee, good]


Q8. Is it permissible to ask for help from other than Allaah?

A8. It is not permissible, and the proof is the Statement of Allaah:

"Only You do we worship, and only You do we ask for help." [Sooratul Faatihah]

The Prophet (sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam) said: "If you ask, ask of Allaah, and if you seek help, then seek the help of Allaah." [Tirmidthee, good and authentic]


Q9. Can we seek help with the living?

A9. Yes, but only in that which they have the ability to do. Allaah the Exalted says:

"And cooperate upon piety and righteousness." [Sooratul Maa'idah]

The Prophet (sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam) said: "Allaah helps the slave in that which the slave helps his brother." [Saheeh Muslim]

AbdurRahman
07-23-2003, 05:22 PM
Q10. Is it permissible to swear by other than Allaah?

A10. It is not permissible to swear, except by Allaah, for Allaah said:

"By the Lord of my father, my souls is set free." [Soorah Aali 'Imraan]

The Prophet (sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam) said: "Whoever swears that he will obey Allaah, then let him obey Him, and whoever swears that he will disobey Allaah, then let him not disobey Him." [Saheehul Bukhaaree]



Q11. Is it permissible to sacrifice for other than Allaah?


A11. It is not permissible, and the proof is the Statement of Allaah:

"So pray to your Lord, and sacrifice." [Sooratul Kawthar] {sacrifice: to slaughter for the sake of Allaah}

The Prophet (sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam) said: "The curse of Allaah is upon whoever sacrifices for other than Him." [Saheeh Muslim]



Q12. Can we circumambulate around other than the ka'abah for the purpose of getting closer to Allaah?

A12. We do not circumambulate, except around the ka'abah. Allaah the Exalted said:

"And let them circumambulate around the Ancient House." [Sooratul Hajj]

The Prophet(sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam) said: Whoever circumambulates around the House seven times, and prays two units, it is as if he has freed a neck." [Ibn Maajah, authentic]



Q13. What is the ruling on magic?

A13. Magic is from disbelief. Allaah the Exalted said:

"But the satans committed disbelief by teaching the people magic." [Sooratul Baqarah]

The Prophet (sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam) said: "Avoid seven grave offenses: associating partners with Allaah, and magic..." [Saheeh Muslim]

AbdurRahman
07-24-2003, 06:14 PM
Q14. Can we trust the fortuneteller, and the soothsayer regarding the knowledge of the Unseen?

A14. We do not trust them because of the knowledge of Allaah the Exalted:

"Say: no one knows what is in the Heavens and the earth except Allaah." [Sooratun Naml]

The Prophet (sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam) said: "Whoever comes to a fortunereller or a soothsayer, then trusts him in what is said, then verily he disbelieves in what was revealed to Muhammad." [Ahmad, authentic]


Q15. Does anyone know the Unseen?

A15. No one knows the Unseen except those who are shown by Allaah, like the messengers. Allaah the Exalted said:

"Knower of the Unseen, so He does not disclose the Unseen to anyone." [Sooratul Jinn]

The Prophet (sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam) said: "No one knows the Unseen except Allaah." [Tirmidthee, good]

Q16. Can we wear a thread or a ring for the purpose of intercession?

A16. Do not wear these. Allaah the Exalted said:

"And keep to Allaah in the face of harm, for none can remove it from you except Him." [Sooratul An'aam]

The Prophet (sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam) said: "As for this, it does not increase you except in weakness. Distance it from yourself, for verily the one who uses it will never succeed." [Related by al-Haakim, authenticated and affirmed by adh-Dhahabee.]

Q17. Can one rely upon beads and seashells, and their like (for worship)?

A17. We cannot rely upon them for anything. Allaah the Exalted says:

"And keep to Allaah in the face of harm, for none can remove it from you except Him." [Sooratul An'aam]

The Prophet (sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam) said: "Whoever relies upon an amulet, then he has indeed associated partners with Allaah." [Related by Ahmad, authentic]

[Amulet: beads or seashells relied upon for anything.]

Q18. What is the ruling on working with the authorities who oppose Islaam?

A18. Working with the authorities who oppose Islaam is disbelief if he permits it, or believes in its correctness. Allaah the Exalted said:

"And whoever does not judge by what Allaah revealed, these are the disbelievers." [Sooratul Maa`idah]

The Prophet(sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam) said: "There are no leaders of a people who do not judge by the Book of Allaah, and see it as being better than what Allaah revealed, except that Allaah places an evil between them." [good, Related by Ibn Maajah and other than him]

AbdurRahman
07-26-2003, 03:04 PM
Q19. How do we refute the question of the devil, 'Who created Allaah'?



A19. If the devil whispers this question to any of you, then seek refuge with Allaah. Allaah the Exalted says:

"And if you are insinuated with the insinuations of Satan, then seek refuge with Allaah. Verily He is the All-Hearing, All-Knowing." [Sooratul Fussilat]

The Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam) taught us to refute the deceptions of Satan by saying: 'I believe in Allaah and His messenger. Allaah is One, Allaah is the Ever-Living. He does not beget, nor is He begotten, and no one is a co-equal to Him.'

Then let him spit towards his left three times and seek Allaah's refuge against Satan. So verily it will leave him. [These are excerpts from authentic hadeeths mentioned in Bukhaaree, Muslim, Ahmad, and Abu Daawood]



Q20. What is the harm of greater shirk?



A20. Greater shirk is a reason for abiding in the Fire. Allaah the Exalted said:

"Whoever associates partners with Allaah, indeed Allaah has forbidden paradise for him. His accomodation will be in the Fire, and the transgressors do not have any helpers."

The Prophet (sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam) said: "Whoever meets Allaah while associating anything with Him, he enters the Fire."



Q21. Do good deeds benefit the one who is committing shirk?



A21. No actions benefit the one who associates partners with Allaah. Allaah the Exalted says:

"If you associate partners with Allaah, nothing you do will be of benefit to you."

The Prophet said: "Allaah the Exalted said: 'I am far above the association of the associators who perform deeds in which (sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam) they associate partners along with Me. They are left to their association. [Muslim]

AbdurRahman
07-29-2003, 11:27 AM
SECTION 3 - THE LESSER SHIRK:

Q1. What is lesser shirk?

A1. Lesser shirk is showing off [riyaa']. Allaah the Exalted says:

"So whoever wishes to meet his Lord, then let him perform righteous deeds, and not associate anyone in the worship of his Lord." [Sooratul Kahf]

The Prophet (sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam) said: "Verily what I fear for you most is lesser shirk: showing off." [Related by Ahmad, authentic]

From lesser shirk is the statement of a man, 'If it were not for Allaah, and for so and so.' or 'What Allaah wishes, and what you wish.'

The Prophet (sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam) said: "Do not say, 'What Allaah wishes and what so and so wishes.', rather say: Whatever Allaah wishes, then what so and so wishes." [Related by Abu Daawood, authentic]

Q2. Is it permissible to take an oath by other than Allaah?

A2. It is not permissible to take an oath by other than Allaah. Allaah the Exalted says:

"Yes, by my Lord you will surely be ressurected." [Sooratut Taghaabun]

The Prophet (sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam) said: "Whoever takes an oath by other than Allaah, then he has indeed associated partners." [Related by Ahmad, authentic]

The Prophet (sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam) said: "Whoever wishes to take an oath, then let him take an oath by Allaah, or be disgraced." [Agreed Upon]

Akhee-Abdullah
07-29-2003, 11:43 AM
Jazakumallah Khair, ya akhee,

Nice posts plus very infomative.

AbdurRahman
09-12-2003, 03:10 PM
raised!